Friendship Is The Most Wonderful Relationship That Anyone...

Friendship is the most wonderful relationship that anyone can have. Ideally a friend is a person who offers love and respect and will never leave or betray us. Friends can tell harsh truths when they must be told. There are four different types of friends: True friends, Convenient friends, Special interest friends, and historical friends. To have friendship is to have comfort. In times of crisis and depression, a friend is there to calm us and to help lift up our spirits. There are many illustrations that show why a friend can be a great comforter. For example, if a student is going through a hard time at school, a friend can offer guidance, encouragement and support. A true friend is also someone who loves and respects us. A boyfriend and a girlfriend desire to be with each other. They love each other so much that they just want to be with each other as much as possible. This bond is also present in a good friendship because it has genuine love. Also, as friends they respect each other. They try to avoid causing conflicts. They don’t make fun of each other, but treat each other with respect. As friends, we all make sacrifices for each other. Some friends risk their lives for a friend. An example of this true friendship can be found in the movie, American Pie. Todd had a championship football game, but on the same day there was an All-State choir going on. Todd and his girlfriend were both into choir. He couldn’t be in two places at once, so he gave up his footballShow MoreRelatedFriendship Is The Most Wonderful Relationship That Anyone Can Have854 Words   |  4 PagesFriendship is the most wonderful relationship that anyone can have. Ideally a friend is a person who offers love and respect and will never leave or betray us. Friends can tell harsh truths when they must be told. There are four different types of friends: True friends, Convenient friends, Special interest friends, and historical friends. To have friendship is to have comfort. In times of crisis and depression, a friend is there to calm us and to help lift up our spirits. There are many illustrationsRead MoreThe Importance Of A True Friendship947 Words   |  4 Pages What exactly is Friendship? this question has been asked for centuries, how exactly can you tell you have a true friend? Friendship is an relationship between two or more people who care a lot about each other. Your Friendship is something that will keep you happy and going, but its not always easy cake. Their will be some ups and downs in every friendship, but if you can bounce back from that downfall than you might realize you have a true friendship. Friendship includes time, effort, commitmentRead MoreBeing A Nurse For All Of My Adult Life868 Words   |  4 PagesI have wanted to be a nurse for all of my adult life. I worked very hard to get my Associates Degree in Science while working full time. In 2010, I entered Regis University’s BSN program and was so excited to earn my degree. During the summer, I needed an abdominal surgery. During this procedure my abdominal aorta was severed and my small intestine was cut through in two different places. I was in the ICU for 10 days. My family was told I probably wouldn’t live much longer. By a true miracle of GodRead MoreImportance Of Sports1076 Words   |  5 Pagesyourself as a person. First, playing sports helps maintain strong relationships with others. Next, it keeps you in contact with great performance levels in school. Finally, participating in sports boosts your self esteem. Continue reading to understand the importance of participating in sports. Playing sports helps maintain close relationships with others. â€Å"Playing sports enable you to create friendships you otherwise might not have formed. Sports bring teens together from different schools, backgroundsRead MoreFriendship And Relationships In Hamlet919 Words   |  4 Pagesreader a great deal about life. Shakespeare provides wonderful insight into everything from friendships to death. Of all the stories taught in British Literature, Hamlet is certainly the most important piece to keep due to the lessons in presents. It is definitely an understatement to say that friendships and relationships are complicated and difficult. Sometimes, it can be utterly impossible to know what one should do when conflicts arise in friendship. William Shakespeare gives advice on this throughRead MoreEssay on love1749 Words   |  7 Pagesmanipulated, traded, forgotten, or stolen. Love is pure, honest, true, fulfilling, and most of all valuable. Love is not limited either. An unknown author once wrote, quot;Trying to bring pleasure to someone, because of the pleasure you feel to see that persons pleasure, is perhaps the most beautiful demonstration of love.quot; Isn’t amazing how something so powerful can be found in the simplest of things. In my life I have felt love in many aspects of my life. I love my family, my friends, my countryRead MoreErikson s Theory, Ego Integrity Versus Despair1209 Words   |  5 Pagesoutcome, despair, occurs when aging adults feel they have made many wrong decisions, and may become overwhelmed with bitterness, defeat, and hopelessness (Berk, 2010). The women that I chose to interview seem to have confronted Erikson’s last psychological crisis. One woman is single, never married, no children, takes care of an elderly gentleman, participates in many church activities, mentors young children, benefits from quality family relationships, bonds with her girlfriends on a weekly basis, andRead MoreLiterary Analysis : A Literary Analysis Of Essay1749 Words   |  7 PagesAnalysis of Fatherhood There’s nothing more like it than a father and son relationship. Although it’s a different type of bond of friendship that you can ever have with anyone else; that helps you shape into the person that you are or becoming to be and you’ll never have to look up to anyone else but him. Although they’re some poor father and son relationships in our society that can affect anyone’s emotional heath, which can lead onto a major lead factor into their growth throughout the teenage yearsRead MoreThe Color Purple By Alice Walker1659 Words   |  7 Pageswho had a complicated relationship with Mr. Blank, Celie’s husband. While Celie is immediately perceived as a weak and subjugated young girl and Shug Avery is seen as a confident and all empowering woman, it is their relationship that allows both women to grow. Due to their friendship Celie gains the confidence to break free from societal oppression and Shug Avery grows into a kinder and more emphatic women. While Celie and Shug Avery are foil Characters it is their relationship that frees both womenRead MoreArtistic Expression Should Not Be Denied Because1141 Words   |  5 Pagesexpress one’s views in any form of expression. Sommer Wadman observes that, â€Å"Research suggests that when people have opportunities to explore and express who they are, they gain confidence that translates into success, both in adolescence and throughout adulthood† (â€Å"Express Yourself: Power of the Arts† par. 4). According to this evidence, expressing yourself and being able to explore the world can gain confidence. This confidence, then turns into success. It helps young adults and teenagers into becoming

Factors that Shaped the Invention and Development of...

Factors that Shaped the Invention and Development of Television in the UK Up to 1939 In this essay I intend to discuss the factors that shaped the invention and development of television in the UK up to 1939; these include the social, cultural, political and scientific factors that took place as well as the many technological changes. I will then conclude by determining the most important aspects of its development. Technological developments ========================== The essence of the television began in the early nineteenth century with the development of the telephone and the telegraph. These communication devices can be seen as a more technical version to the way Native American†¦show more content†¦During the early 1930’s a rivalry erupted between a new broadcasting company, EMI (Electrical and Musical Industries Ltd) and Baird’s company (Baird Television Ltd), and so the Selsdon Committee was founded by the British Government to settle the dispute. This committee decided that it would be the BBC who would regulate between broadcasters and would use a transmission scanning system of 240 lines. In November 1936 regular television broadcasts began and with the more efficient broadcasts of EMI (using scanning of 240 lines), as opposed to Baird Television Ltd (using only scanning of 120 lines), EMI became the dominant leader of the two. By the year 1938 five thousand television sets had been sold and in a period of one year this grew to eighteen thousand. Still, on a national scale, this was only showing the small interest in purchasing a television set and was due to the high price of manufacture as well as its high purchase price. The weak transmissions were also initially accountable for the lack of interest as not many areas of the U.K. were able to receive the signal- what was the point in purchasing a set when it couldn’t be watched anyway? The television might have taken on an entirely different form. Akin to the telephone it could have been used as a two-way device and showing images of both of its users at eitherShow MoreRelatedElectronic Media vs Print (Thesis Paper)13276 Words   |  54 Pagesand its Popularity†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦6 Radio†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦6 Humble Beginnings†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦......6 From Navigation to News and Entertainment†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦......................†¦8 The â€Å"New† Radio: Digital Satellite†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦10 Television†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦12 Small Screen, Big Possibilities†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦12 Now in Color†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦..†¦.15 HDTV†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦..16 Internet†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.......†¦.17 â€Å"For Government Use Only†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Read MoreCorporate Identity10953 Words   |  44 Pages2002 W O R K I N G PA P E R S E R I E S The six identities are described below. Each identity type is descibed in terms of its (a) dimensions (b) stakeholders, and (c) key concepts. Actual identity (a) The current attributes of the corporation, shaped by corporate ownership, leadership style of management, organizational structure, business activities and markets covered, the range and quality of products and services delivered and overall business performance. The values held by managers and employeesRead MoreChildrens Literature13219 Words   |  53 Pageschildrens books result from the collaboration or direct inspiration of a specific child or group of children with an adult author. James Barries friendship with the Lewelyn Davies boys resulted in the play Peter Pan, or The Boy Who Would Not Grow Up (1904) and the novel Peter and Wendy (1911). The bedtime stories that A.A. Milne told his son Christopher Robin were revised into Winnie-the-Pooh (1926). Although childrens literature is intended primarily for children, it is more accurate to viewRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesprevailing dynamics of the cold war. In addition to the problems posed for conceptualizing the twentieth century as a discrete era of world history due to overlap with the preceding period and disconcertingly radical shifts in the course of global development in the 1900s, contradictory forces and trends, which perhaps more than any other attribute distinguish this turbulent phase of the human experience, render it impervious to generalized pronouncements and difficult to conceptualize broadly. AsRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesindeed others who should know better) to trivialize this very problematic and challenging subject. This is not the case with the present book. This is a book that deserves to achieve a wide readership. Professor Stephen Ackroyd, Lancaster University, UK This new textbook usefully situates organization theory within the scholarly debates on modernism and postmodernism, and provides an advanced introduction to the heterogeneous study of organizations, including chapters on phenomenology, critical theoryRead MoreOpportunities23827 Words   |  96 Pagesin Tokyo was a hot day—95 degrees Fahrenheit with almost 100% humidity. â€Å"I had no idea Tokyo could be so hot,† Schultz remembered. But Japanese customers, he could see, were not deterred. Customers filled the store from opening to closing, lining up 40 to 50 people deep to try Starbucks coffee. Businessmen in suits came, as did elegantly dressed women and students with books and backpacks. Some customers bought Frappuccino ® blended coffee drinks, which Starbucks had invented a year earlier.Read MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pages76 Self-Assessment Library Am I Engaged? 78 Myth or Science? â€Å"Favorable Job Attitudes Make Organizations More Profitable† 83 Point/Counterpoint Employer–Employee Loyalty Is an Outdated Concept 87 Questions for Review 88 Experiential Exercise What Factors Are Most Important to Your Job Satisfaction? 89 Ethical Dilemma Bounty Hunters 89 Case Incident 1 Long Hours, Hundreds of E-Mails, and No Sleep: Does This Sound Like a Satisfying Job? 90 Case Incident 2 Crafting a Better Job 91 4 Emotions andRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesINTRODUCTION 1 3 THE CRITICAL ROLE OF MANAGEMENT SKILLS The Importance of Competent Managers 6 The Skills of Effective Managers 7 Essential Management Skills 8 What Are Management Skills? 9 Improving Management Skills 12 An Approach to Skill Development 13 Leadership and Management 16 Contents of the Book 18 Organization of the Book 19 Practice and Application 21 Diversity and Individual Differences 21 Summary 23 SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL 24 Diagnostic Survey and Exercises 24 Personal Assessment

That Traumatic Events - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 10 Words: 2885 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2019/08/08 Category Health Essay Level High school Tags: PTSD Essay Did you like this example? Introduction It is no surprise that traumatic events can negatively impact an individual, yet many do not fully understand some of the repercussions that can follow them. While some events may happen suddenly and occur briefly, the aftermath can often be devastating and in some cases cause symptoms to delay or linger. The DSM-IV-TR classifies post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) as a disturbance, regardless of its trigger, that causes clinically significant distress or impairment in an individuals social interactions, capacity to work or other important areas of functioning (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Any individual who undergoes a traumatic event is susceptible to developing symptoms of PTSD, yet several studies have found a significantly higher rate of the disorder among veterans who have served in the military. Furthermore, there are several risk factors that may attribute to the higher likelihood of developing the disorder. This paper will examine the history of PTSD according to DSM classification, range of risk factors and symptoms, as well as diagnosis and forms of treatment for the disorder. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "That Traumatic Events" essay for you Create order Historical Significance of PTSD Although traumatic experiences have long been a part of the human experience, mental or psychological effects of such events have not always been easy to identify. It was not until 1952 where the American Psychological Association began to piece together risk factors and symptoms that would one day be known as post-traumatic stress disorder. Friedman (2018) has asserted that the first development of PTSD spanned from the early DSM-I model and was originally known as gross stress reaction. Of this diagnosis, people were perceived as relatively normal, but had symptoms from traumatic events such as disaster or combat, and also assumed that reactions to trauma would resolve relatively quickly (Friedman, 2018). As years passed, descriptions of the disorder were modified or taken out of later revisions of the DSM model entirely. It was not until 1980 where PTSD was officially established and added to the DSM-III, which stemmed from research involving returning Vietnam War Veterans, Holocaust survivors, sexual trauma victims, and others (Friedman, 2018). It was at this point where researchers began to finally piece together the trauma of war and post-military life. It is important to also understand the complexity behind establishing mental illnesses and disorders. This is evident in the several DSM editions and continuous research of conditions that are not necessarily visible to the naked eye. For years, the reality of mental illness has often been overlooked and plagued with stigmas. Wide ranges of symptoms that are often found to be a result of other underlying conditions have often added to the intricacy and difficulty of understanding certain mental disorders and their origin. In other words, it has been common for individuals to be diagnosed with some form of a mental disorder due to presented symptoms that could have easily accounted for a different disorder. This was most likely more of a possibility in earlier stages of a disorders establishment. In earlier days, many people had conflicting ideas on what PTSD actually was and assumed that only war veterans were susceptible to developing a condition following a traumatic event. Goldman and Keegan (2018) stated the term shell shock came from World War I and was used to describe soldiers experiencing PTSD symptoms after being exposed to explosions of artillery shells. Before an official establishment of PTSD occurred in 1980, people did not understand that experiencing or fighting a war was only one piece of the puzzle, or did not realize many of the risk factors involved that attributed to the development of PTSD. Fast forward to today, the DSM-IV has outlined a more detailed and clearer line in terms of what constitutes a traumatic event and the criterion that must be established before diagnosing an individual with PTSD (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Risk Factors Although the development of PTSD can manifest on its own simply from the trauma itself, there are often times at least one or several risk factors that lead to the increased likelihood of developing a specific disease or disorder. Xue et al. (2015) attributed various risk factors to the development of PTSD in veterans or military personnel to include female gender, ethnic minority status, low education, non-officer ranks, army service, combat specialization, high numbers of deployments, longer cumulative length of deployments, more adverse life events, prior trauma exposure, and prior psychological problems. Although the development of PTSD can be the result of other underlying factors in an individual, such as factors not associated with military combat or other service experiences, studies have suggested that these are some of the primary factors found. Furthermore, studies found the most common risk factors among veterans to be being younger at the time of the trauma, being female, being of a racial minority, being of a lower socioeconomic status (SES), and lack of social support (Xue et al., 2015). Furthermore, risk factors can also be divided into different categories. Gates et al. (2012) has asserted that three primary categories exist in terms of PTSD risk factors, to include individual-level (pre-trauma) factors, characteristics of the trauma, and post-trauma factors. Individual level factors may include earlier traumatic experiences in an individuals life and may often lead to a higher likelihood of an individual developing PTSD after experiencing later traumatic events. Peri-trauma factors or characteristics of a trauma include combat exposure, the severity of the trauma, and acute reactions to deployment-related adverse events, while post-trauma factors include individual comorbid psychological problems, social support, and subsequent stressful life events (Xue et al., 2015). Pre-trauma Factors Overall, any veteran or military personnel who experiences or witnesses a traumatic event can be more likely to develop PTSD. Yet, several studies have indicated a higher presence of the disorder among female veterans. For instance, one such study found that women generally have lower levels of combat exposure than men, but significantly higher rates of military sexual trauma, which is strongly associated with development of PTSD (Gates et al., 2012). Although this discovery may be the result of any number of things, many have developed stereotypes or unfounded opinions that this particular risk factor is the result of a females higher level of sensitivity or emotionality. Furthermore, several studies have identified an individuals ethnic status as a significant risk factor in developing PTSD. A major study consisting of both male and female veterans at a local VA facility concluded that PTSD was 20.6% among black veterans and 27.9% among Hispanic veterans, compared with 13.7% among white veterans (Gates et al., 2012). Ethnic status as a risk origin may also possibly be attributed to an individuals social or economic class, including level of education and Peri-trauma Factors Apart from pre-trauma factors, much of the actual trauma itself and an individuals environment at the time can significantly affect whether or not an individual develops symptoms of PTSD. In many cases, the environment where the trauma occurs can bring forth an increased likelihood of developing PTSD symptoms, such as level of fear or perceived risk of loss of life. Boden et al. (2015) has asserted that several studies exist that have shown elevated rates of PTSD symptomatology among individuals exposed to natural disasters, with those exposed to higher levels of potentially life-threatening events being at the greatest risk for developing PTSD symptomatology. While veterans may not have experienced actual natural disasters, similar environmental factors of them may exist such as the fear for ones life. Keane, Marshall and Taft (2006) have discussed further studies that found a small to medium weighted effect size (r = 0.26) for the strength of the relationship between perceived life threat and PTSD. In other words, there has been known correlation between an individuals perceived life threat and the likelihood that they will develop symptoms related to PTSD. Post-trauma Factors Another significant factor regarding the development of PTSD involves the period of time following a traumatic event. Depending on whether or not the fear or worry decreases post-trauma, importance also depends on the level of support that is available to the veteran. This may include family units, supportive friends or counseling availability. The sad reality is that many veterans do not have sufficient support to help carry them through the painful process of reliving traumatic events. Moreover, some veterans may also choose to turn down support or deny a problem exists, which may lead to worsening symptoms. On the contrary, individuals who exhibit symptoms of PTSD sometimes run the risk of destroying existing support systems or burning bridges between them. Further findings have supported the idea that interpersonal problems associated with PTSD negatively in? ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å¡uence ones support resource (Keane et al., 2006). As a result, individuals who destroy links between social support sources may cause symptoms to worsen or in some cases remain left untreated. Mental illnesses in general typically require the existence of strong support systems in order for a patient to improve or reach some form of management of the disorder. Symptoms In addition to risk factors, veterans or military personnel often exhibit a number of symptoms that help counselors or physicians confirm an actual PTSD diagnosis. Some of the common symptoms of the disorder include intrusive thoughts, recurrent dreams, flashbacks, distress, avoidance, sleep difficulties, irritability and anger, concentration problems and hyper-vigilance (Gates et al., 2012). While an individual will typically report or show more than one symptom, even a single symptom such as difficulty sleeping can often be a major sign that they are experiencing PTSD. Furthermore, symptoms may occur at any number of times following a traumatic event. In some cases, symptoms appear immediately following the event, while other times signs and symptoms are delayed or do not present themselves until much later. More specifically, veterans who experience PSTD-like symptoms long after a traumatic event are more than likely experiencing what is known as delayed-onset post-traumatic stress. Andrews et al. (2009) has stated that earlier revisions of the DSM classify delayed-onset PTSD as occurring when onset is more than 6 months after a traumatic event that fulfills the stressor criterion. In other words, these individuals move on after the traumatic event, but do not feel its impact until much later. Diagnosis According the DSM-IV, there are several criterion groups comprised of various symptoms that must be met in order for an individual to be clinically diagnosed with PTSD. National Center for PTSD (2018) has asserted that there are a total of eight criterion groups ranging from alphabetical categories A to H. Certain symptoms within each group are required in order for a patient to qualify of having the disorder (National Center for PTSD, 2018): Criterion A- Stressor: Involves direct exposure or witness of the trauma, or even indirect exposure to significant details of the trauma. Criterion B- Intrusive Symptoms: The traumatic event is constantly relived or revisited in one or more of the following ways: unwanted memories, nightmares, flashbacks, emotional distress following exposure to traumatic reminders. Criterion C- Avoidance: Individual attempts to avoid trauma-related stimuli, such as traumatic feelings or external reminders of the trauma. Criterion D- Negative Altercations in Cognitions and Mood: Individual experiences negative thoughts or feelings following the trauma, such as inability to recall key aspects of the trauma, blame towards self or others involved in the trauma, decreased interest in activities, feelings of isolation, or difficulty experiencing positive emotions. Criterion E- Alterations in Arousal or Reactivity: Individual experiences trauma-related arousal or reactivity in the form of irritability, aggression, destructive behavior, hypervigilance, increased startling reactions, difficulty concentrating or sleeping. Criterion F- Duration: Individual has experienced symptoms that have lasted for a period of more than 1 month. Criterion G- Functional Significance: Trauma-related symptoms have cause significant distress or functional impairment. Criterion H- Exclusion: Symptoms are not a result of medication, substance use, or any other illness (National Center for PTSD, 2018). It is important to note that an individual only needs to exhibit at least one of the symptoms above for each category, yet they must have experienced a symptom from each category or subgroup of criteria (National Center for PTSD, 2018). In other words, it is enough for a patient to only exhibit a few symptoms in only a few categories or they will not receive an official PTSD diagnosis. Furthermore, Treatment As is generally the case with any disorder or illness, treatment will vary depending on the individual in question. Of mental disorders, the saddening reality is that many individuals have a difficult time seeking help or even noticing the signs that they have a problem. It is often family members, friends or other life acquaintances who notice symptoms first. Unfortunately, societal stigmas have also played a major role in whether or not an individual decides to seek treatment for a mental illness. Furthermore, treatment for PTSD may also be dependent upon what resources are available to the veteran or at what point they decide to seek treatment, which can be impacted by the length of time the individual was suffering from symptoms. Depending on the severity of the symptoms, some veterans may benefit from one form of treatment, such as counseling services, whereas another individual may require several forms of treatment such as exposure therapy. For instance, exposure therapy for PTSD, the patient is guided through a vivid remembering of the trauma until extinction occurs, and is applied using in vivo and imaginal forms of exposure (Keane 2006). While exposure therapy is one of the more common forms of treatment for PTSD, other patients may benefit from other forms such as support groups or through the active management of anxiety or depression. Overall, treatment for any mental illness should not be perceived as a one-size-fits-all approach. What may work for one individual, might not be the case for another. For example, a veteran who had pre-existing risk factors may need more specialized treatment than someone who developed PTSD simply as a result of the trauma itself. Limitations Despite updated research involving PTSD as seen in later revisions of the DSM, various limitations still exist in terms of fully understanding the disorder. One primary limitation is the very complexity of being able to understand such mental illnesses, as psychological disorders can sometimes be tricky in terms of how they present themselves. Although symptoms are usually easy to categorize and are almost always helpful in reaching a definitive diagnosis, symptoms may still occur for any number of reasons and may sometimes be the result of something else entirely. For instance, a major limitation of available literature is the dearth of studies comparing the clinical presentation and etiology of delayed and more immediate forms of the disorder (Andrews et al., 2009). This is a prime example of complexity behind mental disorders and the many variations of specific conditions such as PTSD. Furthermore, another possible limitation concerning PTSD among veterans is the level of research that can be conducted within military environments, such as deployment zones or restricted areas. Considering the impact that these areas may have and how they are generally where actual traumas occur, there may be valuable information missing that could help researchers to better understand how these environments affect the likelihood of a veteran or military personnel developing PTSD. Additionally, further limitations may include the difficulties at the time of seeking treatment. Concerns about the potential implications of positive (or negative) screening results may lead to over- or underreporting of symptoms, depending on the individual and circumstances of testing (Gates et al., 2012). This could potentially be the result of an individual feeling guilt or shame and not wanting to admit known symptoms, or being so overwhelmed that they over-present their symptoms in order to get help. Furthermore, reliance on a single measure or assessment methodology may lead to inaccurate diagnosis in many cases and a large number of false positives and negatives (Gates, 2012). For this purpose, several measures may be necessary in order to reach a definitive diagnosis. As is the case with most mental illnesses, reliance on a single measure, such as a patient questionnaire, may not be enough to accurately diagnose the patient. Conclusion Overall, the diagnosis of PTSD and many other mental illnesses can prove to be very complex. There are several risk factors that attribute to the development of PTSD. Although any individual who experiences or witnesses a traumatic is susceptible to developing the disorder, several studies have found that veterans or military personnel are more likely in developing PTSD at some point, given the stressful and demanding nature of the military. Studies also presented several risk factors, yet gender, ethnic status, and social support were found to be the most common in terms of developing the disorder. Combined with unfortunate societal stigmas surrounding mental illness, many veterans feel that asking for help is a sign of weakness. In other cases, some individuals fail to see the warning signs or remain in denial that they have any such symptoms. This is where support may be come into play, and be often be the turning point for an individual experiencing PTSD. Although great strides have been made in better understanding PTSD, some limitations still exist such as the study of military environments (I.e. deployment zones or military base conditions). In order to better understand how veterans or military personnel are specifically affected by traumatic events, it may be useful to conduct further research on military environments and how they may impact the likelihood of developing PTSD, and whether or not it is these environments that play a major role in the PTSD diagnoses, or if more truth lies behind underlying risk factors.

Literature Review. Sigmund Freud, The Father Of...

Literature Review Sigmund Freud, the father of psychoanalysis, was a physiologist, medical doctor, psychologist, and influential thinker of the early twentieth century (Thornton, 2011). Freud is one of the commonly known superstars in the field of psychology, quickly becoming famous for his study of the unconscious. Freudian Psychology is a form of analysis that is derived from the work of Mr. Freud, largely focusing on his most profound concept, psychoanalysis. Psychoanalysis is an approach to personality development that focuses on how go through a series of stages in which they confront conflicts between biological drives and social expectations (Berk, 2014). Freud, being well-known for his success, had a number of followers who took†¦show more content†¦Physically, cognitively, socially, and emotionally we all experience these changes that can sometimes go unnoticed by you, but are very clear to others. Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory places the teenage portion of life into the identity vs. role confusion stage. During this stage young individuals begin to form their personal identities based on their values and vocational goals (Berk, 2014). Physical When you hear the word teenager, often puberty comes to mind. During the time of puberty, our physical appearances begin to drastically change. My 7th grade year, the first year of middle school, I was the chubby, freckle faced, dark brown haired girl. I hated the way I looked, I wanted to be like the models in the magazines, not realizing I was only 12 and was comparing myself to girls that were at least 18 and had already reached puberty unlike me. Erikson would have explained my hatred for my looks as my desire to fit in, be beautiful, and to be wanted by others as a friend. Little did I know at the time, the summer between 7th and 8th grade I would reach puberty and my body changed immensely. I went from the chubby, ugly girl to the skinny, pretty girl in a matter of one summer. After my â€Å"baby fat† was gone and my flat tummy appeared, I began to take my new â€Å"hot† look even further by dying my hair. I had such a desire to be cool like all the otherShow Mor eRelatedSigmund Freud Essay1721 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Man is a wolf to man.† These are the words that surprised millions when Freud first opened the discussion of human nature (Freud). Sigmund Freud, born in 1856 and died in 1939, was known to be the father of psychoanalysis (Jones). He lived his whole life trying to reach into the human unconsciousness and unravel the puzzle of life, human personality, and human nature (Chiriac). Sigmund Freud was influenced by the environment post World War I, and influenced the world through his theories and hisRead MoreSigmund Freud And His Theories3798 Words   |  16 PagesAbstract Sigmund Freud is generally considered to be one of the most revolutionary psychologists of the past two centuries, but many of his theories have been put under scrutiny as further developments and critiques have been made in psychology. Though many of his theories are completely ignored, many of his theories remain relevant in practice today. Modern critics have accused Freud of a variety scientific blunders, ranging from a lack of evidence to unempirical experimental methods and even unethicalRead MoreSigmund Freud s The Interpretation Of Dream2543 Words   |  11 Pagesexcerpt from Sigmund Freud’s 1913 book, The Interpretation of Dream, Third Edition, is one of his most famous generalizations of his work. Freud often emphasized that the study of the human mind is a complicated, arduous, and ever-changing field of attempts at empirically examining an intangible concept that often result in very small gains. His work has placed him into a distinct place in history that has be en given countless courses of retrospection by academics alike. Sigmund Freud, born May 6thRead MoreInvisible Man11097 Words   |  45 Pagesnature of Goethe s statement, it holds some truth. Because of this element of truth, society looks to psychoanalysis as an important tool for understanding human nature. Furthermore, psychoanalytic criticism of authors, characters, and readers has a place in literary criticism that is as important as the place of psychoanalysis in society. This is because of the mimetic nature of much of modern literature. In fact, the psychoanalyst Jacques Lacan wrote, If psycho-analysis is to be constituted as theRead MoreUsing Psychoanalysis to Understand Human Behavior Essay4081 Words   |  17 PagesUsing Psychoanalysis to Understand Human Behavior According to Goethe, We do not have to visit a madhouse to find disordered minds; our planet is the mental institution of the universe. Despite the hyperbolic nature of Goethe’s statement, it holds some truth. Because of this element of truth, society looks to psychoanalysis as an important tool for understanding human nature. Furthermore, psychoanalytic criticism of authors, characters, and readers has a place in literary criticism that isRead More The Psychology of Sigmund Freud Essay2210 Words   |  9 PagesSigmund Freud is one of the most controversial psychologists in history to this day, yet his theories and ideas are widely known. Freud made a crucial contribution to the study of understanding hidden human motivation (Lippman, 1996). â€Å"Hardly any discipline of thought has remained unaffected by the Freudian revolution but the impact has also been uncertain† (Pollack, 1984). Freud was also known as too important to ignore, but too impossible to digest (Polla ck, 1984). Freud’s theories are criticizedRead MoreKaren Horney : Pioneer Of Feminine Psychology By Susan Tyler Hitchcock3647 Words   |  15 Pages Summary Karen Clementina Theodora Danielsen, was born in Germany on September 16, 1885. Born into a family of seven, only two of the seven did she know; her mother and brother. Her father was described as a strict disciplinarian, a Commercial Boat Captain, who favored her brother. This distancing of her father and preference of her brother caused her to become depressed. She would battle depression throughout her life. Karen began to keep a detailed diary at the age of 13. Her diary tellsRead MoreThe Neurosis of Nathaniel Hawthorne Essay example1976 Words   |  8 Pagesof Freuds theory of the dynamics of human personality extends far beyond the discipline of behavioral science, reaching into areas such as humanities, philosophy, and literature. Freud believed that a work of literature is the external expression of the authors unconscious mind. Therefore, we must treat the work of literature as a dream, then reveal hidden motivations and repressed desires by applying psychoanalytic t echniques. In the story Young Goodman Brown, by Nathaniel Hawthorne, I willRead MoreHuman Being A Product Of His Environment2928 Words   |  12 Pageshuman psyche or personality as an identity or the totality of a person, with an approach from Sigmund Freud of psychoanalysis theory, the id, ego and super-ego (McLeod, 2007), which develops at every stages of human’s life, irrespective of age, sex and status. Those three structures motivate a person’s actions, a spontaneous reaction, a voluntary or involuntary action, all these can be termed to what Sigmund referred to as two instinctual drives (McLeod, 2008) he called the first one the â€Å"Eros† whichRead MoreCounselling Psychology (Description and Evaluation of the Psychoanalytic Theories of Counselling and Techniques Using the)4628 Words   |  19 PagesRunning head: Therapeutic Techniques and Counselling Description and Evaluation of the Psychoanalytic Theories of Counselling and techniques using the Theorist Sigmund Freud During the history of psychology and counselling a wide range of attitudes and approaches have been developed in order to provide individuals with the ability to explore his or her inner world through varied strategies and modes of interaction. The aim was to

Ethics and Corporate Responsibility in the Workplace and...

Ethics and Corporate Responsibility in the Workplace and the World Ethics and Corporate Responsibility in the Workplace and the World In recent 0years, most companies are striving to become a benefit corporation (B-corporation). This legal form of corporation is to provide legal protection to management that want to both maximize shareholder income and pursue a social or environmental agenda (Andre, 2012). This paradigm shift is due to consumer’s awareness, global warming and globalization in the business world. All global companies have developed ethical, environmental and sustainability policies for their employees, suppliers, contractors and other stakeholders to follow. This paper will examine PharmaCare’s ethical and social†¦show more content†¦PharmaCare, a US company is unethical in the way it conducts business in Colberia, how it treats its rank-and-file versus its executives. The US is a leading member of ILO and it has signed all initiatives of this organization including the resolution in November 1996 to fight against sweatshops. Although Colberia is not a member of the ILO and d oes not have similar regulations as the US, PharmaCARE still has an ethical responsibility as a US company and as one of the leaders in social and ethical responsibility to abide by the organization’s initiative of better working conditions and wages. The working condition in the facility is absurd. Why the ranks and files are working in a mold-infested facility and the Colberians are working in deplorable conditions, the executives who are receiving the humongous compensation live in the best condition allocated to humankind. Some may argue that the Colberian employees are getting good wages as compare to others in the country, especially when the citizens are willing to work $1.00 a day. The wages in developing countries often do not correlate to their productivity. According to surveys by Kurt Salmon Associates, Inc. â€Å"in Mexico apparel workers are 70% as productive as their U.S. counterparts, yet they earn just 10% as much per hour (ECO360 Trust, n.d.). The wage coul d be good in that part of the world; however, PharmaCARE has an ethical responsibility to provide adequate equipment, basic services andShow MoreRelatedEthics and Corporate Responsibility in the Workplace and the World1623 Words   |  7 PagesAssignment #2: Ethics and Corporate Responsibility in the Workplace and the World This paper will explore the common issues of what a lot of companies face when dealing with employee relations and factors in the reality of some companies that go to the extreme into violating laws to hide illegal practices. These are not isolated cases; these bad practices are more common than we think they are. 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Stolen Words free essay sample

Stolen Words One can receive words as direction while others use them in negative ways. Words are highly influential on Liesel’s life in The Book Thief by Markus Zusak. When Liesel stole her first book, it was â€Å"the beginning of an illustrious career† (29). Liesel’s obsession with stealing books is ironic because she was in act of seeking revenge while she could not read or write. Stealing her first book opened Liesel up to a world filled with words and grammar. As she stared at The Grave Digger’s Handbook, â€Å"touching the print inside, she had no idea what it was saying. †(38). Because Liesel could not read or write, as a nine-year-old, she was forced to attend school with children who just started learning the alphabet. There was a stolen book hidden under Liesel’s bed and she didn’t know what any of the words said. That inspired her to have â€Å"sudden desire to read it that she didn’t even attempt to understand† (66). We will write a custom essay sample on Stolen Words or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page However, it was also ironic that she asked her foster father to teach her these skills, when he could not comprehend them himself. It all became beneficial for Liesel because his lack of ability â€Å"would cause less frustration in coping with the girl’s lack of ability† (65). Because Hans could not read acutely, he understood what she was going through, and he was patient. In a few years, she was able to pick up a book and read it by herself. When Liesel did learn how to read, she kept stealing books. On Hitler’s birthday, she sitting on the steps watching the dead aftermath of the celebration. She was just thinking about her mother and her brother. Then she started making calculations. â€Å"The word communist + a large bonfire + a collection of dead letters + the suffering of her mother + the death of her brother = the Fuhrer† (115). Liesel realized that her mother was taken was by Hitler because she was a communist and wanted to get revenge. She stole The Shoulder Shrug to get even with Hitler. His words caused her mother to go away, so she’s taking those words back. Liesel stole ironically in The Book Thief because she could not read, and she wanted revenge, which is served best as a cold dish. Liesel faced humiliation to get to her idea of success. She not only learns how to read, but took what she felt was rightfully owned by her. â€Å"I have loved words and I have hated them, and I hope I have made them right† (528). Her attraction to words have drawn her to her highlight in life.

Articles of Confederation vs. Constitution Essay Example For Students

Articles of Confederation vs. Constitution Essay Outline1 Primary purpose of writing articles of confederation versus constitution essay2 What is the AOC, its main principles?3 The main reasons of the Articles of Confederation failed4 The  United States Constitution  as the worlds longest surviving written charter of government Primary purpose of writing articles of confederation versus constitution essay One of the requirements for almost all higher institutions is to write an essay a small piece with a short description of the chosen or given a theme. The essay demonstrates your logic skills to convey your thoughts in writing, which is an important fact for successful university studies. Thus, a correctly written verse essay is practically a key factor for a positive mark. That’s why when you’re faced with the assignment of writing about the similarities and differences between articles of confederation vs. constitution essay, the next information will be very useful for you. What is the AOC, its main principles? Constitutions in every state of the USA were drafted and adopted right after the proclamation of independence (during 1775-1778). But the unresolved issue remained the state unit of the CELA. Its importance has intensified because there still was a danger of defeat in the war with England. That’s why the Second Continental Congress adopted the first Constitution Articles of Confederation and the Eternal Union in November 1777, whose draft was passed to the approval of all states. Finally, this document came into force on March 1, 1781. The articles of the confederation fixed the revolutionary gains of the people and determined the republican form of the state system of the former colonies in North America, proclaiming the formation of a confederation and an eternal union of the United States. According to the Articles of Confederation, the states retained their sovereignty of internal and external affairs. To manage common affairs (declaring war and peace, signing treaties, setting up armed forces, etc.), it was planned to convene a unicameral congress annually from delegations that elected state legislatures. Each state had the right to send from two to seven delegates, but only one had to vote. Decisions were made by a qualified majority (not less than nine votes). Congress didn’t have the right to interfere in the internal affairs of the states. So, the Congress was not representative, but rather a diplomatic body. Between sessions of the Congress, its functions were entrusted to the State Committee, which was formed from representatives from each state. However, the Committee, compared to the Congress, had limited federal rights. The main reasons of the Articles of Confederation failed The Confederate state was not centralized enough, with the absent vertical executive. The prerogatives of the Congress practically didn’t go beyond advisory functions. According to the figurative statement of J. Washington, the articles of the Confederacy were a rope of sand. He was one of the first politicians of that time who saw the danger of such an amorphous state education. In a special appeal to the Congress and the country, he demanded a revision of the content of the document, anticipating the rampant anarchy and the collapse of the Confederacy. The reason for reviewing the Articles was the question of trade, customs, and financial policies. The main goal of the Confederative Union was to resolve foreign policy tasks. When this goal was achieved, and England signed the Versailles treatise on the granting of colonies of independence, the confederative union lost its strength. The contradictions between the southern and northern states became heightened. The northern states advocated the strengthening of the central government, the establishment of a single currency, the creation of a joint bank, the unification of public debt of individual states into a common national external debt. Southern states sought to maintain independence from the central government and advocated broad autonomy. Their debts were smaller, and therefore they didn’t want a nationwide debt consolidation. .ua61f01a5188427cc4b19481ac7f71f5d , .ua61f01a5188427cc4b19481ac7f71f5d .postImageUrl , .ua61f01a5188427cc4b19481ac7f71f5d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua61f01a5188427cc4b19481ac7f71f5d , .ua61f01a5188427cc4b19481ac7f71f5d:hover , .ua61f01a5188427cc4b19481ac7f71f5d:visited , .ua61f01a5188427cc4b19481ac7f71f5d:active { border:0!important; } .ua61f01a5188427cc4b19481ac7f71f5d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua61f01a5188427cc4b19481ac7f71f5d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua61f01a5188427cc4b19481ac7f71f5d:active , .ua61f01a5188427cc4b19481ac7f71f5d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua61f01a5188427cc4b19481ac7f71f5d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua61f01a5188427cc4b19481ac7f71f5d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua61f01a5188427cc4b19481ac7f71f5d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua61f01a5188427cc4b19481ac7f71f5d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua61f01a5188427cc4b19481ac7f71f5d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua61f01a5188427cc4b19481ac7f71f5d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua61f01a5188427cc4b19481ac7f71f5d .ua61f01a5188427cc4b19481ac7f71f5d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua61f01a5188427cc4b19481ac7f71f5d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: What Is Truth? EssayThe proclaimed union of states was weak, because: There was no overall budget of the union; The questions of ratification and push weren’t solved; Congress didn’t have the right to enter into trade agreements with other states, introduce customs tariffs, and impose other taxes for the needs of the union; There was no mechanism for implementing the decisions of the Congress; Left wing and most farmers in Congress believed that the centerline is incompatible with government. The  United States Constitution  as the worlds longest surviving written charter of government The Constitution replaced the articles of confederation in 1787. The formation of the government of a young state began, with its first president,   J. Washington. Based on the principle of federalism, the constitution has a lot of strengths written in it. Founding Fathers understood federalism differently. One of the points of view was defended by A. Hamilton. He believed that the national government is created by the people, and laws and treaties are adopted and concluded according to the Constitution, which is the supreme law of the country. Since the development of the national economy and the maintenance of favorable international relations are the most important for the country, Hamilton believed that the national government is the supreme and leading force in political relations, and his powers should be interpreted quite freely. This was the so-called broad interpretation of the constitution. Another point of view was defended by T. Jefferson, who didn’t present at the constitutional convention, as he was in the capacity of an envoy in France. His position was that the federal government is the product of an interstate agreement. And although the people, in fact, act as the bearer of power, the main threat to its rights and freedoms comes from the federal government. Thus, Jefferson believed that the powers of the federal government should be interpreted narrowly and severely limited. The American Constitution was the first in the world history written constitution, embodied in the practice of state life, the first constitution in the formal sense of the word. It represents a unique document that describes that a change to its text should be a special procedure that has complicated its review. For example, during voting on a draft constitutional amendment, a qualified majority of both chambers of parliament was required.